Abstract
Climate change is significant poses great challenges to all humankind, it is a challenge to the fight against poverty and sustainability of agrarian livelihoods. In the study area, it is entailing sudden shocks that disrupt agriculture production, livelihoods of communities, infrastructure, and institutions.
This study focused on the impact of climate-smart agriculture in sustainable land management project and its implications for farmers’ adaptation capacity in case of Nedjo district, Muchucho Georgis and Wangari Buna kebele since its adaptation capacity and impacts have not been studied. The research had the aim of identifying crop production, livestock, honey production, and forest adaptation options and assessing the adaptation competence of respondents. Then Crop, livestock, honey, and forest production income, adaptation level of respondents five years before and after project and non-SLMP group mean income in ETB was identified. From total population 712 HHs, 128 sample size HHs were identified 92% confidence level and ±8% and stratified by Proportionality allocation of sample size into SLM project participant (68HHs) and non-SLMP group (60HHs). Data was collected, household survey, key informant, and focus group discussions and meteorological data also obtained from NMA. The result indicated that the 30 years trends (1987-2016) of rain-fall a decreasing trend while the temperature was increasing. The five years mean income of households before SLM project was 2597.4 ETB after the project was 11,538.70 ETB, as well as the non-SLM (2009-2013) and (2014-2018) income, was 5032.80 and 6115.90 ETB respectively. When it compared the average five years income of households in the project with the pre-project was greater by 8941.30 ETB, and the non-project of the year of (2009-2013) got more than the year of (2014-2018) by 1083.1 ETB. Then the average five-year project households’ income greater than those of non-project by 7858.20ETB. The adaptation capacity of SLMP participants highly increased and the none-SLM project was increased in minimum. Finally, SLMP needed for enhancing adaptation and to diversify the source of income. Therefore, promoting SLMP is important since it promotes climate-smart agriculture among smallholders.
Keywords: Adaptation Climate change, Climate-smart agriculture, Sustainable land Management.
